Development of the Basic Empathy Scale of Islamic Theology to Measure the Empathy of Islamic Education Teacher Candidates
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53802/fitrah.v6i1.1166Keywords:
Empathy, Basic Empathy Scale in Islamic theology, Islamic educationAbstract
The limited availability of empathy measurement instruments that align with Islamic values presents a significant challenge in the education of Islamic Religious Education teacher candidates in Indonesia. This study aims to develop and validate the Basic Empathy Scale - Islamic Theology, a modified version of the Basic Empathy Scale, designed to measure empathy based on Islamic values such as compassion, sincerity, tolerance, and mutual assistance. Employing a quantitative approach with an instrument development design, this research involved 211 respondents. The results of the Confirmatory Factor Analysis indicated a reasonably good model fit, with a Chi-Square (χ²) value of 384.623 (df = 132), p < 0.001, CFI = 0.829, TLI = 0.802, and RMSEA = 0.095, suggesting that the model is acceptable, though not perfect. The reliability coefficients-Cronbach's Alpha (α) = 0.809 and Omega (ω) = 0.816-demonstrate excellent internal consistency. The BES-IT was found to be a valid and reliable instrument for measuring empathy based on Islamic values. Its implication lies in supporting the development of the social-spiritual character of Islamic Religious Education teacher candidates and enhancing the contextual and responsive quality of religious education.
References
Adiyono, A., Fadhilatunnisa, A., Rahmat, N. A., & Munawarroh, N. (2023). Islamic Religious Education Learning Outcomes Evaluation: Implementation of Steps, Concepts and Solutions in Public Elementary School. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 15(4), 5208–5222. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i4.4384
Aldrup, K., Carstensen, B., & Klusmann, U. (2022). Is Empathy the Key to Effective Teaching? A Systematic Review of Its Association with Teacher-Student Interactions and Student Outcomes. Educational Psychology Review, 34(3), 1177–1216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-021-09649-y
Alloway, T. P., Copello, E., Loesch, M., Soares, C., Watkins, J., Miller, D., Campell, G., Tarter, A., Law, N., Soares, C., & Ray, S. (2016). Investigating the reliability and validity of the Multidimensional Emotional Empathy Scale. Measurement, 90(1), 438–442. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2016.05.014
Anggraini, K. C. . (2015). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing untuk Meningkatkan Kepekaan Sosial Siswa dalam Pembelajaran IPS di MTs Negeri Lamongan. Akademika, 9(2), 261–276. https://doi.org/10.30736/akademika.v9i2.67
Batson, C. D. (2019). Altruism in humans. Oxford University Press.
Bensalah, L., Stefaniak, N., Carre, A., & Besche-Richard, C. (2016). The Basic Empathy Scale Adapted to French Middle Childhood: Structure and Development of Empathy. Behavior Research Methods, 48(4), 1410–1420. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-015-0650-8
Cabedo-Peris, J., Martí-Vilar, M., Merino-Soto, C., & Ortiz-Morán, M. (2021). Basic Empathy Scale: A Systematic Review and Reliability Generalization Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 10(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10010029
Carré, A., Stefaniak, N., D’Ambrosio, F., Bensalah, L., & Besche-Richard, C. (2013). The Basic Empathy Scale in adults (BES-A): factor structure of a revised form. Psychological Assessment, 25(3), 679–691. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032297
D’Ambrosio, F., Olivier, M., Didon, D., & Besche, C. (2009). The basic empathy scale: A French Validation of a Measure of empathy in youth. Personality and Individual Differences, 46(2), 160–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.09.020
Deniz, E. U., Ceylan, C., Eren, R., & Memiş, O. B. (2024). Advancing Empathy and Emotional Intelligence Among Pharmacy Students: A Comparative Mixed-Methods Study with Peer Role-Play Simulation Intervention. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 16(8), 102112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2024.102112
Diswantika, N., Suherman, U., Rusmana, N., Suryana, D., Qurbi, A., & Noor, A. M. (2023). Analyzing The Construct Validity of the Indonesian Basic Empathy Scale using the Rasch model. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3364544/v1
Doh, H., Kang, J., & Jo, S. (2024). Empathy in Public Relations Practice of South Korea. Public Relations Review, 50(5), 102506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102506
Heynen, E. J. E., Van der Helm, G. H. P., Stams, G., & Korebrits, A. M. (2016). Measuring Empathy in a German Youth Prison: A Validation of the German Version of the Basic Empathy Scale (BES) in a Sample of Incarcerated Juvenile offenders. Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 16(5), 336–346. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228932.2016.1219217
Jolliffe, D., & Farrington, D. P. (2006). Development and validation of the Basic Empathy Scale. Journal of Adolescence, 29(4), 589–611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2005.08.010
Kamila, A. (2023). Pentingnya Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Pendidikan Moral dalam Membina Karakter Anak Sekolah Dasar. Al-Furqan : Jurnal Agama, Sosial, Dan Budaya, 5(2). https://publisherqu.com/index.php/Al-Furqan/article/view/535
Kirana, A., & Septiana, A. (2022). Landasan Psikologi dalam Pendidikan Islam serta Relevansinya dalam Pembentukan Karakter Moderasi Beragama di Pondok Pesantren Roudatul Muta’abidin. Jurnal Almurabbi, 09(33). https://doi.org/10.35891/amb.v7i2.3100
Pramuaji, K. A., & Loekmono, L. (2018). Uji Validitas Dan Reliabilitas Alat Ukur Penelitian: Quesionnaire Emphaty. Jurnal Ilmiah Bimbingan Konseling Undiksha, 9(2), 74–78. https://doi.org/10.23887/jibk.v9i2.18009
Qomaruzzaman, B. (2020). Teologi Islam Modern: Renaissance. Pustaka Aura Semesta.
Sakiz, G. (2017). Perceived teacher affective Support in Relation to Emotional and Motivational Variables in Elementary School Science Classrooms in Turkey. Research in Science & Technological Education, 35(1), 108–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/02635143.2017.1278683
Swank, J. M., Limberg, D., & Liu, R. (2020). Development of the Altruism Scale for Children: an Assessment of Caring Behaviors Among Children. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 53(1), 34–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481756.2019.1667245
Zhu, O. Y., Li, H., Grün, B., & Dolnicar, S. (2024). The Power of Respect for Authority and empathy–Leveraging Non-Cognitive Theoretical Constructs to Trigger Environmentally sustainable tourist behaviour. Annals of Tourism Research, 105, 103681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2023.103681
Zuhri, A. M. (2016). Teologi Islam Klasik dan Kontemporer. Penerbit Nawa Litera.
